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Hungary
II. Monitoring and Releases of POPs
by Mr. Gábor KOVÁCS
Introduction
This paper provides the second part of the Hungarian national
presentation and, therefore, it compliments the paper prepared by Dr. Zoltán
ADAMIS and entitled "The Regulation and Management of POPs". The two
together, they describe the present situation as far as the emissions on POPs
and their management in Hungary are concerned.
In 1997, the Ministry of the Environment and Regional Policy
requested the Institute for Environment Protection to complete a background
paper, which was considered as a Hungarian contribution to the preparation of
international/regional agreements on Heavy Metals and Persistent Organic
Pollutants.
This report contains both general information and data inventory
with regard to the use and emissions detailed on each POP compound in Hungary.
The identification of POPs was performed by the TNO Institute of Environmental
Science, Energy Research and Process Innovation in accordance with the
"Technical Paper to the OSPARCOM-HELICOM-UNECE Emission Inventory of Heavy
Metals and Persistent Organic Pollutants". The structure of substances,
methods of calculations and emission factors are consistent with the
above-mentioned Technical Paper and the international questionaries. Due to the
fact that the production and use of most POP compounds is banned or severely
restricted, the total annual amounts refer to the emissions of by-products from
several processes.
HCB ( Hexachlorobenzene)
In the case of HCB and PCP, only the emission of incineration of
municipal waste could be measured and calculated. At present, only one municipal
waste incinerator exists in Hungary (Table 6).
Pesticides
Furthermore, Table 7 provides some data about pesticides
containing Lindane and Endosulfan (use and emission). In addition to the
existing national legislation/regulations dealing with chemicals/pesticides,
other relevant laws as well as related Action Programmes aimed at
reducing/eliminating of the emissions are currently under preparation in
Hungary.
TABLE 7 : Lindane (L) and Endosulfan (E) containing pesticides
use with special permission (in tonnes)
|
|
1990
|
1991
|
1992
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
1996
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| TERRA-TOX 80g/l L and 200g/l E. |
0
|
1
|
0,2
|
7,7
|
13,3
|
5
|
40
|
| THIODAN 35 EC 35%E |
188,2
|
98,2
|
65
|
78
|
66,2
|
104,3
|
78
|
| THIODAN ULV 25%E |
10,7
|
2,5
|
0
|
0
|
2,4
|
0
|
0
|
| THIONEX 35 EC 35%E |
12,7
|
13,6
|
0
|
9
|
25
|
50
|
45,5
|
| LINDAFOR 75%L |
16,5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Use (in tonnes)
|
1990
|
1991
|
1992
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
1996
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Lindane |
12,375
|
0,080
|
0,016
|
0,616
|
1,064
|
2,200
|
3,200
|
| Endosulfan |
72,990
|
39,955
|
22,790
|
31,990
|
35,180
|
55,005
|
51,225
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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POPs emissions (in tonnes)
|
1990
|
1991
|
1992
|
1993
|
1994
|
1995
|
1996
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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| from Lindane |
9,281
|
0,060
|
0,012
|
0,462
|
0,798
|
1,650
|
2,400
|
| from Endosulfan |
25,547
|
13,984
|
7,977
|
11,197
|
12,313
|
19,252
|
17,929
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http://irptc.unep.ch/pops/POPs_Inc/proceedings/slovenia/KOVACS.html |